The Nara people

The Nara people are an ethnic group primarily found in southwestern Eritrea. With a population of around 108,000, they make up about 1.5% of Eritrea’s total population. They predominantly reside in the Barka Plains region, which lies near the border with Sudan. The Nara community is largely agrarian, relying on subsistence farming to support their livelihoods.

The Nara society is organized into four main subtribes: the Higir, Mogareb, Koyta, and Santora. Traditionally, these subtribes practiced animism, holding deep spiritual connections with the natural world. However, by the 15th century, many Nara people began converting to Islam, a process that was significantly influenced by the Egyptian occupation in the 19th century. Today, Islam is the predominant religion among the Nara, though some remnants of their animist past remain in their cultural practices.

Historically, the Nara are considered descendants of the early Nilo-Saharan settlers who migrated from the Upper Nile region. Over time, they intermarried with local Pygmy populations, contributing to their unique ethnic and cultural identity. The name “Nara” means “Sky Heaven,” reflecting their spiritual and cultural values. They were also known as the Barya in earlier times.

The Nara people’s social structure and way of life are deeply influenced by their environment. Their subsistence farming practices are adapted to the semi-arid conditions of their region. Despite the challenges posed by their environment, the Nara have maintained a strong sense of community and cultural heritage. Their rich history and traditions, combined with their adaptability, have enabled them to preserve their identity through generations.